The answer is C) DNA. DNA is a polymer made up of nucleotides. It is considered as the genetic material of an organism where it contains the genetic...

What long polymer is found in the nucleus?

The two main types of nucleic acids are deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and ribonucleic acid (RNA). DNA is the genetic material found in all living organisms, ranging from single-celled bacteria to multicellular mammals. It is found in the nucleus of eukaryotes and in the chloroplasts and mitochondria.

What important polymer hint nucleic acid is located in the nucleus?

DNA is called a nucleic acid because it was first found in the nucleus. We now know that DNA is also found in some organelles such as the mitochondria and chloroplasts. It is the DNA in the nucleus that actually controls the cell's workings.

Is nucleic acid A polymer?

A nucleic acid is a polymeric macromolecule made up of repeated units of monomeric 'nucleotides' composed of a nitrogenous heterocyclic base which is either a purine or a pyrimidine, a pentose (five carbon) sugar (either ribose or 2′-deoxyribose), and one to three phosphate groups.

What is the sugar found in DNA?

The sugar in deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is deoxyribose. The deoxy prefix indicates that the 2′ carbon atom of the sugar lacks the oxygen atom that is linked to the 2′ carbon atom of ribose (the sugar in ribonucleic acid, or RNA), as shown in Figure 5.2.

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Why is deoxyribose called deoxyribose?

DNA's sugar, deoxyribose, has five carbon atoms, which are connected to each other to form what looks like a ring. ... The sugar in DNA is called a deoxyribose because it doesn't have a hydroxyl group at the 2' position. Instead it just has a hydrogen.

Where is RNA found?

There are two types of nucleic acids which are polymers found in all living cells. Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA) is found mainly in the nucleus of the cell, while Ribonucleic Acid (RNA) is found mainly in the cytoplasm of the cell although it is usually synthesized in the nucleus.

What is protein's polymer?

Proteins are polymers of amino acids. Each amino acid contains a central carbon, a hydrogen, a carboxyl group, an amino group, and a variable R group. ... Major functions include acting as enzymes, receptors, transport molecules, regulatory proteins for gene expression, and so on.

What is a Lipid polymer?

A lipid is a polymer composed of three fatty acid molecules and one glycerol molecule. Lipids produce a special polymer form which is considered to be a key component of cell membranes and hormones. ... Fatty acids are lipid monomers formed by a hydrocarbon chain with a carboxyl group attached at the end.

Is Protein A polymer or monomer?

Proteins - polymers are known as polypeptides; monomers are amino acids. Nucleic Acids - polymers are DNA and RNA; monomers are nucleotides, which are in turn consist of a nitrogenous base, pentose sugar, and phosphate group.

What is the pair of guanine?

In base pairing, adenine always pairs with thymine, and guanine always pairs with cytosine.

What is the role of nucleic acids in the nucleus and cytoplasm?

In Summary: Nucleic Acids

Nucleic acids are molecules made up of nucleotides that direct cellular activities such as cell division and protein synthesis. ... Messenger RNA (mRNA) is copied from the DNA, is exported from the nucleus to the cytoplasm, and contains information for the construction of proteins.

What is purine and pyrimidine bases?

Purines and pyrimidines are the nitrogen bases that hold DNA strands together through hydrogen bonds. ... The purines in DNA are adenine and guanine, the same as in RNA. The pyrimidines in DNA are cytosine and thymine; in RNA, they are cytosine and uracil.

What compound is found in nucleus?

The nucleus is known to contain two types of nucleic acid, deoxyribonucleic acid, and ribonucleic acid. It contains basic proteins and other proteins that include enzymes, phospholipids, various phosphate compounds, and a number of inorganic compounds.

What is a long linear polymer found in the nucleus of a cell?

Portions of DNA Sequence Are Transcribed into RNA

Like DNA, RNA is a linear polymer made of four different types of nucleotide subunits linked together by phosphodiester bonds (Figure 6-4).

What macromolecules make up the nucleus?

The nucleic acids—DNA and RNA—are the principal informational molecules of the cell. Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) has a unique role as the genetic material, which in eukaryotic cells is located in the nucleus.

What is a monomer vs polymer?

All monomers have the capacity to form chemical bonds to at least two other monomer molecules. Polymers are a class of synthetic substances composed of multiples of simpler units called monomers. Polymers are chains with an unspecified number of monomeric units.

Why are polymers important in biochemistry?

Why are organic polymers important? Organic polymers play a crucial role in living things, providing basic structural materials and participating in vital life processes. For example, the solid parts of all plants are composed of polymers. These include cellulose, lignin, and various resins.

Is phospholipid a polymer or monomer?

Fatty acids are lipid monomers that consist of a hydrocarbon chain with a carboxyl group attached at the end. Fatty acids form complex polymers such as triglycerides, phospholipids, and waxes.

What is amino acid polymer?

A poly(amino acid) is a polymer composed of amino acids as monomeric units. Structural and functional proteins, polypeptides, peptides and polymers derived from amino acids, that is, poly(β-alanine) and ɛ-poly(lysine), are classified as poly(amino acid)s.

Is a polypeptide a polymer?

Polypeptides (PP) (proteins) are linear polymers of amino acids (H N–CHR–COOH, where R (bonded to the central C) is a variable side chain (“residue”) – there are 20 different natural ones.

Is triglyceride a polymer?

Fatty acids form more complex lipid polymers called triglycerides, triacylglycerols or triacylglycerides when each single-bonded oxygen molecule bonds to a carbon that's part of a glycerol molecule. ... Triglycerides are also commonly found in foods, especially animal products.

Is DNA found in the nucleus?

Most DNA is located in the cell nucleus (where it is called nuclear DNA), but a small amount of DNA can also be found in the mitochondria (where it is called mitochondrial DNA or mtDNA). Mitochondria are structures within cells that convert the energy from food into a form that cells can use.

Is ribose in DNA or RNA?

ribose, also called D-ribose, five-carbon sugar found in RNA (ribonucleic acid), where it alternates with phosphate groups to form the “backbone” of the RNA polymer and binds to nitrogenous bases.

Does RNA contain ribose?

Additionally, RNA contains ribose sugars rather than deoxyribose sugars, which makes RNA more unstable and more prone to degradation. ... For example, some RNA molecules are involved in switching genes on and off, and other RNA molecules make up the critical protein synthesis machinery in ribosomes.